Everything about Mot Semitic God totally explained
In
Ugaritic Mot 'Death' (spelled
mt) is personified as a god of death. The word is cognate with forms meaning 'death' in other
Semitic languages: with
Hebrew מות (
mot or mavet); with
Canaanite,
Egyptian Aramaic,
Nabataean, and
Palmyrene מות (
mwt); with Jewish Aramaic,
Christian Palestinian Aramaic, and
Samaritan מותא (
mwt’); with
Syriac mautā; with
Mandaean muta; with
Akkadian mūtu; with
Arabic maut; with
Ge'ez mot.
Mot 'Death', son of
'El, according to instructions given by the god
Hadad (
Ba‘al) to his messengers, lives in a city named
hmry ('Mirey'), a pit is his throne, and Filth is the land of her heritage. But Ba‘al warns them:
that you not come near to divine Death,
lest he made you like a lamb in his mouth,
(and) you both be carried away like a kid in the breach of his windpipe.
Hadad seems to be urging that Mot come to his feast and submit himself to Hadad.
Death sends back a message that his appetite is that of lions in the wilderness, like the longing of dolphins in the sea and he threatens to devour Ba‘al himself. In a subsequent passage Death seemingly makes good his threat, or at least is deceived into believing he's slain Ba‘al. Numerous gaps in the text make this portion of the tale obscure. Then Ba‘al/Hadad's sister, the warrior goddess
‘Anat, comes upon Mot, seizes him, splits him with a blade, winnows him in a sieve, burns him in a fire, grinds him between mill-stones and throws what remains on the field for the birds to devour.
But after seven years Death returns, seeking vengeance for the splitting, burning, grinding, and winnowing and demanding one of Ba‘al's brothers to feed upon. A gap in the text is followed by Mot complaining that Ba‘al has given Mot his own brothers to eat, the sons of his mother to consume. A single combat between the two breaks out until Shapsh 'Sun' upbraids Mot, informing him that his own father 'El will turn against him and overturn his throne if he continues. Mot concedes and the conflict ends.
In
Sanchuniathon also Death is son of 'El and counted as a god, as the text says in speaking of 'El/
Cronus:
... and not long afterwards he consecrated after his death another of his sons, called Muth, whom he'd by Rhea; this (Muth) the Phoenicians esteem the same as Thanatos ['Death'] and Pluto.
But earlier in a philosophical creation myth Sanchuniathon has referred to great wind which merged with its parents and that connection was called
Eros 'Desire':
From its connection Mot was produced, which some say is mud, and others a putrescence of watery compound; and out of this came every germ of creation, and the generation of the universe. So there were certain animals which had no sensation, and out of them grew intelligent animals, and were called "Zophasemin," that's "observers of heaven"; and they were formed like the shape of an egg. Also Mot burst forth into light, and sun, and moon, and stars, and the great constellations.
The language here's confusing, a bad summary and possibly corrupt, and the form
Mot here isn't the same as
Muth which appears later. But it may be that the full and coherent account would have made clear that muddy and putrescent Death is the source of life.
According to H.H. Ben-Sasson's
A History of the Jewish People, 1976, page 11-12: "From the
Ugaritic evidence ... Other central deities [ofthe Canaanite pantheon] were ... Moth, the
deity of death and the nether world" (; and ).
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